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Conducting health research in France? What the CNIL’s updated standards mean for you
The French data privacy commission (the “CNIL”) has updated two data processing standards for research involving personal health data in order to respond to major changes in the health research sector ie the increasing digitisation and decentralisation of research, social and environmental considerations at the heart of new methods, stricter testing requirements for health products…
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From Stage to Scroll: Copyright and Related Rights in TikTok Music Covers
A TikTok cover may look deceptively simple: one singer, one smartphone, one well-known song. Yet behind a few seconds of content lies a complex web of intellectual property rights. A cover version can involve rights in the underlying musical composition and lyrics, the performer’s own neighbouring rights, the audiovisual recording of the video, and, increasingly,…
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AI and trade disputes: establishing parameters in evaluating evidence
AI is no longer a new concept in the world of justice. Many law firms already have internal AI tools, and large legal databases now offer their own AI tools. State courts in Germany are also pushing ahead with the digitisation of civil proceedings, as demonstrated by a resolution of the Conference of Ministers of…
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Passing on Rising Energy Costs: Contractual Responses to Oil Price Volatility
In recent years, geopolitical tensions have increasingly affected global energy markets, leading to noticeable volatility in oil (and gas) prices. The escalation of the Iran conflict, in particular, has raised concerns about disruptions in key supply routes such as the Strait of Hormuz and has contributed to rising prices. These developments have clear downstream effects…
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How Far Must Medical Device Distributors Go? New CJEU Guidance on MDR Compliance
The Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) has recently delivered an important judgment clarifying the obligations of distributors of medical devices under the Medical Device Regulation (MDR). In its judgment of 4 June 2026 in Case C-10/24 (Dürr Dental), the Court addressed a practical question that many companies throughout the medical device supply…
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AI Act: New Perspectives for the Healthcare Sector – Current implementation status
With the adoption of Regulation (EU) 2024/1689, known as the AI Act, the European Union has established for the first time a systematic and binding framework for artificial intelligence, becoming a pioneer in the regulation of a technology which is bound to profoundly affect the economy, fundamental rights and essential services. One of the sectors…
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Disputes over Bank Securities – Recommendable Action in a European Comparison
Download Full Article In international trade, bank securities are essential. Due to the stagnant economic growth in many European countries, many businesses are in distress. As a consequence, trade agreements are not fulfilled and disputes over provided bank securities arise. Knowing what to look out for in such a dispute is crucial. In the following,…
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“Black clauses” & Selective distribution agreement
Abstract Over the years, French and European case law confirmed that the presence of “black clauses” (restrictions deemed anti-competitive, such as price fixing or prohibition of passive sales) in a selective distribution agreement does not automatically render the agreement or the distribution network unlawful: The courts require a concrete analysis of the effects of these…
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Telemedicine and Cross-Border Healthcare after CJEU Case C-115/24 – essential guidance for healthcare providers and digital-health platforms offering telemedicine services across EU borders
On 11 September 2025, the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) rendered its judgment in case C-115/24 (UJ v Österreichische Zahnärztekammer). The ruling is of major importance for cross-border healthcare in the EU, especially where telemedicine (remote care via information and communication technology (ICT)) is combined with in-person treatment. For practitioners advising on…
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Critical medicines shortages: European Court of Auditors’ report highlights harms of stockpiling after France increases associated fines
In 2023, the European Commission warned that “The COVID-19 pandemic and the Russian military aggression against Ukraine [have] exposed Europe’s supply chains dependencies and the risk that economic dependency could be weaponised. This has also heightened awareness of the risk of medicine shortfalls, experienced across all Member States and involving both original and generic medicines.”…
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The New Hospital Improvement Act: addressing challenges in the German Health Care Sector
In the dynamic landscape of the German hospital sector, several challenges and developments are currently taking centre stage that affect both the quality of care and the economic stability of the facilities. Quality competition between hospitals is a key challenge. There is deliberate competition between hospitals, focussing on the quality of medical care. This competition…
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Integrated approach to cybersecurity management: a common compliance model
1. Introduction: a complex regulatory framework Managing cybersecurity in accordance with a complex, fragmented and constantly evolving regulatory framework is one of the most complex and significant challenges today. In fact, the digitalization of production processes, the interconnection of infrastructures and the continuous proliferation of new cyber threats have led to the emergence of different…
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How to deal with a Patronymic Trademark
The use of surnames in the business world is common practice, as illustrated by iconic brand names such as Louis Vuitton, Gucci and McDonald’s. This trend often reflects a desire to highlight a family heritage or know-how, associating the family name with a certain prestige. However, this approach is not without its share of intellectual…
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The New EU Hydrogen and Decarbonised Gas Market Package
The EU hydrogen and gas decarbonisation package, consisting of Directive (EU) 2024/1788 and Regulation (EU) 2024/1789, was adopted in May 2024. It updates the rules on the EU natural gas market set out in the Gas Directive 2009/73/EC and the Gas Regulation 715/2009/EC. The revised gas market rules were published in the EU Official Journal…
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Supply Chain Act: Companies under the lens of sustainability and human rights
On 5 July, the Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive (CSDDD), also known as the Supply Chain Act or, more technically, Directive (EU) 2024/1760 of 13 June 2024, was published in the Official Journal of the European Union. This directive represents a crucial step in promoting corporate sustainability and holding businesses accountable for their social and…
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Revival of the CISG? Evading an ever more complex German Civil Code
The German Civil Code (BGB) has been getting increasingly complex for years, in part due to several EU Directives and in part due to domestic legislative changes. This development constantly creates new challenges for companies and might lead to an increased application of the “United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods”…
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Violation of the pharmacy reservation pursuant to Section 59 of the Austrian Medicines Act (AMG) by a specialist doctor?
The Supreme Court (OGH) dealt with this question in its recently published decision of March 19, 2024 on 4 Ob 42/24s and commented on a few fundamental questions. The use of Ozempic in people who are not severely obese or do not suffer from diabetes, but want to lose weight easily, has been the subject…
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Product liability of medtech companies on the German market: International regulations vs. national liability
The safety of medical devices is of utmost importance for the health of patients around the world. Numerous regulations, particularly by the European Commission, are therefore commonplace in this industry. Just recently, the EU launched the AI Act to regulate artificial intelligence, with further requirements explicitly for the manufacture of medical devices. However, while the…
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Revolutionising Healthcare and Life Science Supply Chains with Metaverse Technology
The Healthcare and Life Science sector is currently facing numerous supply chain challenges arising from the shortage of materials, increased costs, and staff shortages due to the COVID-19 pandemic, wars, and other ongoing crises. It is now more crucial than ever to address these challenges, and one way to do so is by utilising new…
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unyer Breakfast Reception at the IBA Annual Conference in Paris 2023
unyer Breakfast Reception at the IBA Annual Conference in Paris Wednesday, 1 November 2023, 8:00 a.m. to 10:30 a.m. Location: Centre Pompidou – Restaurant Georges, Place Georges-Pompidou, 75004 Paris For any inquiries or requests please contact iba@unyer.com.
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KWR from Austria: unyer organisation welcomes fourth member
